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Ítem Exploiting social context in personalized web-tasking applications(IBM Corp., 2014-11-03) Villegas Machado, Norha MilenaPersonalized Web-Tasking (PWT) systems automate ordinary and repetitive web interactions while exploiting personal context to deliver personalized features. Among the personal context of a user, social context is all information obtained from the relationships with other users, which is relevant to the user's personalized web-tasks. Current approaches exploit the information of social media, or the explicit input of the user, and use it as is. In addition to this, PWT systems also benefit by inferring social relationships through reasoning over such information and other sources of context. For example, a calendar application might record events the user shares with other people, or the sensors on mobile devices can be used to identify others nearby. This information can be exploited to improve the execution of PWT applications including its personalization and context-adaptive capabilities.Ítem DYNAMICO: A Reference Model for Governing Control Objectives and Context Relevance in Self-Adaptive Software Systems(2010-10-24) Duchien, LaurenceDespite the valuable contributions on self-adaptation, most implemented approaches assume adaptation goals and monitoring infrastructures as non-mutable, thus constraining their applicability to systems whose context awareness is restricted to static monitors. Therefore, separation of concerns, dynamic monitoring, and runtime requirements variability are critical for satisfying system goals under highly changing environments. In this chapter we present DYNAMICO, a reference model for engineering adaptive software that helps guaranteeing the coherence of (i) adaptation mechanisms with respect to changes in adaptation goals; and (ii) monitoring mechanisms with respect to changes in both adaptation goals and adaptation mechanisms. DYNAMICO improves the engineering of self-adaptive systems by addressing (i) the management of adaptation properties and goals as control objectives; (ii) the separation of concerns among feedback loops required to address control objectives over time; and (iii) the management of dynamic context as an independent control function to preserve context-awareness in the adaptation mechanism. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.Ítem Self-adaptive applications: on the development of personalized web-tasking systems(ACM Press; Association for Computing Machinery, 2014-06-02) Müller, Hausi A.Personalized Web-Tasking (PWT) proposes the automation of user-centric and repetitive web interactions to assist users in the fulfilment of personal goals using internet systems. In PWT, both personal goals and internet systems are affected by unpredictable changes in user preferences, situations, system infrastructures and environments. Therefore, self-adaptation enhanced with dynamic context monitoring is required to guarantee the effectiveness of PWT systems that, despite context uncertainty, must guarantee the accomplishment of personal goals and deliver pleasant user experiences. This position paper describes our approach to the development of PWT systems, which relies on selfadaptation and its enabling technologies. In particular, it presents our runtime modelling approach that is comprised of our PWT Ontology and Goal-oriented Context-sensitive web-tasking (GCT) models, and the way we exploit previous SEAMS contributions developed in our research group, the DYNAMICO reference model and the SmarterContext Monitoring Infrastructure and Reasoning Engine. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate how the most crucial challenges in the engineering of PWT systems can be addressed by implementing them as self-adaptive software.
Ítem Towards personalized web-tasking: Task simplification challenges(Services (SERVICES), 2013 IEEE Ninth World Congress on, 2013-07-02) Müller, Hausi A.Despite the increasing use of the web to support human activities, most web interactions required to accomplish personal goals are performed manually by users. Even though users can easily transform a goal into multiple web interactions, the manual governance of these interactions diminishes the user experience. Personalized web-tasking seeks to improve the user experience by automating personal web tasks. This automation is driven by user needs, matters of concerns, and personal context. An important concern in personalized web-tasking is task simplification, the process of decomposing a personal web task into simpler tasks that can readily be composed into bigger tasks. This position paper characterizes a set of task simplification challenges intended as starting points for advancing the field of personalized web-tasking.Ítem Towards practical runtime verification and validation of self-adaptive software systems(Springer Verlag, 2010-10-29) Becker, BasilSoftware validation and verification (V&V) ensures that software products satisfy user requirements and meet their expected quality attributes throughout their lifecycle. While high levels of adaptation and autonomy provide new ways for software systems to operate in highly dynamic environments, developing certifiable V&V methods for guaranteeing the achievement of self-adaptive software goals is one of the major challenges facing the entire research field. In this chapter we (i) analyze fundamental challenges and concerns for the development of V&V methods and techniques that provide certifiable trust in self-adaptive and self-managing systems; and (ii) present a proposal for including V&V operations explicitly in feedback loops for ensuring the achievement of software self-adaptation goals. Both of these contributions provide valuable starting points for V&V researchers to help advance this field.Ítem Optimizing run-time SOA governance through context-driven SLAs and dynamic monitoring(IEEE, 2011-09-26) International Workshop on the Maintenance and Evolution of Service-Oriented and Cloud-Based Systems, MESOCA (Septiembre 26 : 2011 : Williamsburg, United States)End-users increasingly demand the provisioning of secure, scalable, reliable, flexible, resilient, and cost-efficient infrastructures, platforms, and software. However, the preservation of these properties, particularly in SOA and cloud environments, is extremely affected by distributed, heterogeneous, transient, and volatile context information. We envision the implementation of governance feedback loops, an innovative approach that equips service-oriented systems with run-time governance capabilities able to control the fulfillment of service level agreements (SLA) under changing execution environments. However, the effectiveness of our approach depends on the capability of governance infrastructures to guarantee the consistency between monitoring strategies, governance objectives, and context situations. To advance our vision, this paper proposes (i) contextual RDF graphs, a machine-readable specification of monitoring requirements that enable governance feedback loops with dynamic context monitoring capabilities; and (ii) context-driven SLAs, an extension of SLAs where context requirements are explicitly mapped to service level objectives (SLO) to optimize the run-time control of contracted obligationsÍtem Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems: A Second Research Roadmap(Springer Link, 2013-01-01) Tamura Morimitsu, GabrielThe goal of this roadmap paper is to summarize the state-of-the-art and identify research challenges when developing, deploying and managing self-adaptive software systems. Instead of dealing with a wide range of topics associated with the field, we focus on four essential topics of self-adaptation: design space for self-adaptive solutions, software engineering processes for self-adaptive systems, from centralized to decentralized control, and practical run-time verification & validation for self-adaptive systems. For each topic, we present an overview, suggest future directions, and focus on selected challengesÍtem The SmarterContext ontology and its application to the smart internet: A smarter commerce case study(Springer-Verlag., 2010-11-03) Müller, Hausi A.In the smart internet interactions must be situation-aware and smart. That is, they must be realized with awareness of, and adaptation to users' individual and collective context situations. Therefore, context management is crucial to deliver contents and services that are relevant to the user's matters of concern. This paper presents the SmarterContext ontology, our semantic web approach to context representation and reasoning applicable to user-centric domains of the smart internet. We illustrate the application of the SmarterContext ontology using a personal web case study based on IBM's smarter commerce initiative. This case study demonstrates how our ontology supports context representation and reasoning to improve the relevance of retailer offers with respect to shopper situations. Our ontology is the core of the SmarterContext infrastructure, our context management solution that exploits user web interactions as sources of meaningful personal context information, and empowers users to control context gathering and provisioning. © 2013Ítem Using Models at Runtime to Address Assurance for Self-Adaptive Systems(Springer Verlag, 2014-01-01) Villegas Machado, Norha MilenaA self-adaptive software system modifies its behavior at runtime in response to changes within the system or in its execution environment. The fulfillment of the system requirements needs to be guaranteed even in the presence of adverse conditions and adaptations. Thus, a key challenge for self-adaptive software systems is assurance. Traditionally, confidence in the correctness of a system is gained through a variety of activities and processes performed at development time, such as design analysis and testing. In the presence of self-adaptation, however, some of the assurance tasks may need to be performed at runtime. This need calls for the development of techniques that enable continuous assurance throughout the software life cycle. Fundamental to the development of runtime assurance techniques is research into the use of models at runtime (M@RT).