Case Study: HIV/AIDS in the Context of the Colombian Health Care Reform

Starting in the early nineties, Colombia, the third most populous country in Latin America, implemented a profound reform of its health system. A universal social health insurance system was created. The new system collects funds centrally, and allows for multiple competing plans that receive risk adjusted capitated payments and are responsible for delivering a basic and legally mandated basket of services. This case reviews how the HIV/AIDS epidemic has been managed in the context of this reform. The inclusion of Antiretroviral (ARV) in the mandated basic basket proved a powerful mechanism for ensuring access to care. Results are less clear, and to some extent disappointing, for prevention activities.