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Ítem Traffic Flow Analysis Over a IPv6 Hybrid Manet(Springer, 2017-01-01) Fernández V., ManuelThe Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANET) consist of a spontaneous association of a group of nodes that dynamically change their position and exchange data between each other, regarded as autonomous network segments with flat address schemes. However, its study has shown the benefits obtained by interconnecting them to fixed network segments and Internet. This article will revise by means of using a simulation tool, the behavior of the data transmissions between the fixed network segment, a reactive gateway and the IPv6 MANET, whose nodes show a high degree of mobility, such as vehicles in an urban environment.Ítem Mutual Authentication In Ip Mobility-Enabled Multihop Wireless Networks" Security For Multihop Wireless Networks(CRC Pres, 2014-04-07) Taha, SanaaAn important requirement for current mobile Wireless networks, such as vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), is their ability to provide ubiquitous and seamless IP communications in a secure way. Moreover, these networks are envisioned to support multihop communications, in which intermediate nodes help relay packets between two peers in the network. The combination of the two capabilities, namely, the seamless support of IP communications and multihop communications, is denominated IP mobility-enabled multihop wireless networks.Ítem Poster: Smart networked bicycles with platoon cooperation(IEEE, 2015-01-19) Cespedes Umaña, Sandra LorenaUrban roads are venues of social interaction where many actors try to accomplish their transportation-related individual goals. It has been demonstrated that when individuals act with scarce contextual information they offer resistance to one another's programs of action hindering coordination. In this work we address the problem of smart networked bicycles assisting cyclist coordination. Coordination is based on vehicular communications together with a cooperative adaptive cruise control. We propose to combine effective dissemination mechanisms in mesh-networks, a platoon cooperation logic, and a novel cyclist-bicycle interface to adapt the behaviour of cyclists while driving. Initial simulations and experimental results demonstrate that our cooperation mechanism helps cyclists achieve individual and collective goals, such as moving fluidly at the best possible speed while maintaining a safe distance to other cyclists.Ítem Routing in Neighborhood Area Networks: A survey in the context of AMI communications(Elsevier, 2015-09-01) Cespedes Umaña, Sandra LorenaSmart Grid is the modern infrastructure of the electric grid, which has the objective to improve efficiency, reliability, and security. This is achieved through the control automation of the transmission and distribution lines, the enhancement of metering technologies, the implementation of renewable energy sources, and new energy management techniques. The growing demand of energy, changes in global weather, problems in the storing and distribution, and the need to implement more efficient metering systems are some of the factors that influence the transit toward a more complex and robust electric grid. A fundamental component of the Smart Grid is an Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), which provides a two-way communication flow between utilities and meters at the customer side. In this survey, we outline the main features of this new infrastructure, including a classification of communication technologies and routing protocols employed in the Neighborhood Area Network domain. We introduce a set of metrics for the AMI network (such as scalability, interoperability, latency, security, and quality of service), and present a full analysis and comparison of AMI-related routing protocols and technologies. Open issues related to wireless and wired technologies, as well as routing for the neighborhood area network domain are also provided.Ítem A Seamless Quality-Driven Multi-Hop Data Delivery Scheme for Video Streaming in Urban VANET Scenarios(IEEE, 2011-06-05) Cespedes Umaña, Sandra LorenaThe inherent characteristics of vehicular networks, such as dynamic topology and high mobility, pose significant challenges for the deployment of delay-sensitive applications, e.g., video streaming, in urban Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET). In this paper, we propose an integrated network-layer scheme for seamless delivery of video packets in VANET. First, we propose a new quality-driven routing scheme for delivering video streams from a fixed network to a destination vehicle via multihop communications. The routing scheme aims to optimize the visual quality of the transmitted video frames by minimizing the distortion, the start-up delay, and the frequency of the streaming freezes. We further propose an efficient network mobility management scheme,Ítem A multihop-authenticated proxy mobile IP scheme for asymmetric VANETs(IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2013-01-01) Cespedes Umaña, Sandra LorenaVehicular communications networks are envisioned for the access to drive-thru Internet and IP-based infotainment applications. These services are supported by roadside access routers (ARs) that connect vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) to external IP networks. However, VANETs suffer from asymmetric links due to variable transmission ranges caused by mobility, obstacles, and dissimilar transmission power, which make it difficult to maintain the bidirectional connections and to provide the IP mobility required by most IP applications. Moreover, vehicular mobility results in short-lived connections to the AR, affecting the availability of IP services in VANETs. In this paper, we study the secure and timely handover of IP services in an asymmetric VANET and propose a multihop-authenticated Proxy Mobile IP (MA-PMIP) scheme. MA-PMIP provides an enhanced IP mobility scheme over infrastructure-to-vehicle-to-vehicle (I2V2V) communications that uses location and road traffic information. The MA-PMIP also reacts, depending on the bidirectionality of links, to improve availability of IP services. Moreover, our scheme ensures that the handover signaling is authenticated when V2V paths are employed to reach the infrastructure so that possible attacks are mitigated without affecting the performance of the ongoing sessions. Both analysis and extensive simulations in OMNeT++ are conducted, and the results demonstrate that the MA-PMIP improves service availability and provides secure seamless access to IP applications in asymmetric VANETs. © 2013 IEEE.Ítem VIP-WAVE: On the Feasibility of IP Communications in 802.11p Vehicular Networks(IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2012-12-26) Shen, XueminVehicular communication networks, such as the 802.11p and Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) technologies, are becoming a fundamental platform for providing real-time access to safety and entertainment information. In particular, infotainment applications and, consequently, IP-based communications, are key to leverage market penetration and deployment costs of the 802.11p/WAVE network. However, the operation and performance of IP in 802.11p/WAVE are still unclear as the WAVE standard guidelines for being IP compliant are rather minimal. This paper studies the 802.11p/WAVE standard and its limitations for the support of infrastructure-based IP applications, and proposes the Vehicular IP in WAVE (VIP-WAVE) framework. VIP-WAVE defines the IP configuration for extended and non-extended IP services, and amobilitymanagement scheme supported by Proxy Mobile IPv6 over WAVE. It also exploits multihop communications to improve the network performance along roads with different levels of infrastructure presence. Furthermore, an analytical model considering mobility, handoff delays, collisions, and channel conditions is developed for evaluating the performance of IP communications in WAVE. Extensive simulations are performed to demonstrate the accuracy of our analytical model and the effectiveness of VIP-WAVE in making feasible the deployment of IP applications in the vehicular network. © 2012 IEEE.Ítem Enabling relay-aided IP communications in 802.11p/WAVE Networks(IEEE, 2012-12-03) Cespedes Umaña, Sandra LorenaVehicular communications networks and the 802.11p/WAVE technology have become a fundamental platform for providing real-time access to safety and entertainment information in vehicular scenarios. In particular, IP-based infotainment applications are key to leverage the deployment costs of the 802.11p/WAVE network. However, the operation of IP in the standard 802.11p/WAVE and its throughput performance are still unclear, as the standard recommendations for the operation of IPv6 over WAVE are rather minimal. Consequently, this paper focuses on the provision of infrastructure-based IP communications in 802.11p/WAVE networks, and proposes the Vehicular IP in WAVE (VIP-WAVE) framework, which defines a new per-user assignment and mobility management of IPv6 addresses supported by Proxy Mobile IPv6 over WAVE, and exploits relay-aided communications to improve the network performance along roads with different levels of infrastructure presence. Extensive simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework to enhance the performance of IP applications in the vehicular network. © 2012 IEEE.Ítem EM3 A: Efficient mutual multi-hop mobile authentication scheme for PMIP networks(IEEE, 2012-06-10) Taha, SanaaIn this paper, we propose EM3 A, a novel scheme that guarantees the authenticity of a mobile node (MN) and a relay node (RN) in a multi-hop-enabled Proxy Mobile IP (PMIP) network. EM3 A works in conjunction with a proposed scheme for key establishment, based on symmetric polynomials, to generate a shared secret key between MN and RN. This scheme achieves lower revocation overhead than that achieved by existing symmetric polynomial-based schemes. For a PMIP domain with n points of attachment, EM 3 A achieves t×2n-secrecy, whereas the existing authentication schemes achieve only t-secrecy. Computation and communication overhead analysis, as well as simulation results, demonstrate that EM 3 A achieves low authentication delay and is suitable for seamless multi-hop IP communications. © 2012 IEEE.