Examinando por Autor "Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia"

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 21

La apuesta por el desarrollo humano en Cali
(Universidad Del Valle, 2009-01-01) Benitez Salcedo, Edgar Orlando; Alcaldia de Santiago de Cali. Departamento Administrativo de Planeación (Valle del Cauca)
Parte de libro - La apuesta por el desarrollo humano en Cali. Elaborado por Blanca Cecilia Zuluaga Díaz y Edgar Orlando Benitez Salcedo publicado por la Universidad del Valle en el 2009 en el libro Visión Cali 2036: diagnóstico estratégico
Crisis de la deuda en las Empresas Municipales de Cali y perspectivas
(Universidad Icesi, 2006-07-27) Idrobo Piquero, Juliana María; Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
Emcali es una Empresa Industrial y Comercial del Estado, la principal entidad descentralizada del municipio de Cali; actualmente, y desde abril de 2000, se encuentra intervenidapor la Superintendencia de Servicios Públicos Domiciliarios, por locual debe resolver antes de abril del año 2002 los problemas financieros que amenazan la viabilidad en su actividad económica, consistente en la prestación de los servicios de acueducto, alcantarillado, energía y telecomunicaciones.No es objetivo de este trabajo constituirse en la carta de salvación para la empresa, pues esta es una tarea que le corresponde a los asesores contratados por el Gobierno para tal fin; se trata más bien de un aporte desde el punto de vistaacadémico para llamar la atención sobre los hechos que desencadenaron la crisis y así evitar futuras situacionessimilares. Sin embargo, al final se exponen algunas recomendaciones que consideramos podrían tomarse encuenta para llegar a una solución.
Cuentas macroeconómicas del municipio de Santiago de Cali
(Universidad Icesi, 2010-04-28T16:36:39Z) Penilla, Claudia Juliana
En este capítulo se presentan los principales resultados estadísticos de esta investigación. En especial las cuentas macroeconómicas del Municipio de Santiago de Cali para el período 1990-2001 presentadas aquí comprenden: el PIB a precios corrientes y constantes del 2000, el PIB caleño per cápita y las cuentas de producción y generación del ingreso de todos los 55 sectores económicos presentes en el municipio, tanto a precios corrientes como constantes.
Detrás de la carreta : ¿Cómo viven los recuperadores ambientales de Cali?
(Universidad Icesi, 2017-08-01) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
En Cali, hay más de 3.000 personas que se dedican a la actividad del reciclaje. Alrededor de 2.500 familias dependen económicamente de los ingresos derivados de la recuperación ambiental. La administración local ha destinado recursos a la implementación de programas encaminados al mejoramiento de las condiciones económicas y sociales en las que viven los recicladores. Algunos programas han sido enfocados en la generación de unidades productivas y en el fortalecimiento organizacional de diversas asociaciones de reciclaje en la ciudad.
Different channels of impact of education on poverty: an analysis for Colombia
(Universidad Icesi, 2007-06-01) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
This paper analyses pecuniary and non-pecuniary effects of education on poverty. Two are the main contributions: first, the pecuniary analysis employs the technique of instrumental variable quantile regression, very helpful method when one is interested in the lowest or highest extremes of the distribution function of the dependent variable. In fact, quantile regression offers coefficient estimations for any conditional quantile. The second contribution derives from our purpose to highlight the non-pecuniary returns to education: resources invested in education bring future returns to individuals, not only reflected in monetary earnings, but also in higher levels of satisfaction of basic needs (e.g. health and housing).
Different impact channels of education on poverty
(Universidad Icesi, 2010-04-12T15:20:58Z) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
This article analyzes both the monetary and non-monetary effects of the education level of the head of the household on poverty. We propose that schooling returns should not be thought as a single number - usually the schooling coefficient in an income equation - but as a set of elements whose length depends on the number of identified poverty dimensions. The monetary analysis employs the Quantile Regression technique, very helpful especially when one is interested in extremes of the income distribution function. Our results show differences across quantiles of the returns. We also found interesting dissimilarities by gender and urban-rural location. Exploring the non-pecuniary returns, we found that the education of the head positively influences family health and housing conditions.
Early childbearing and the option to postpone
(Universidad Icesi, 2011-06-27) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
This paper uses the option value theory to analyse whether there exists a value in postponing childbearing for a young woman. The main insights are based on the idea that the costs of bearing tend to decrease with time and, in addition, are subject to uncertainty. Both factors create a value of waiting until a certain critical cost or threshold is reached. We make the analysis for different types of women according to their socioeconomic (income) characteristic. We find important differences in the value of postponing for different types, and show the relevance of considering the option to postpone when deciding to bear the first child. This analysis suggests that, as long as the possibilities of poorer woman to reach high schooling achievements increase, the will optimally choose an older age to begin childbearing. In other words, early childbearing by impoverished women might be seen as a rational reaction to their disadvantaged situation, where opportunities to reach high achievements are low, independently of the presence of a child.
Efficiency and expense preference in the colombian financial cooperative sector
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2008-01-01) Barona, Bernardo
This paper explores the expense preference behaviour in Colombian financial cooperatives. Our findings indicate that small cooperatives seem to use a production technology that is different from that of large ones, high-leverage cooperatives appear to use a technology that is different from that of low-leverage cooperatives, and managers of larger units exhibit separable-expense behaviour, while managers from lower-leverage units exhibit joint-expense preference behaviour. These results suggest that, in Colombia, a merger of small cooperatives into larger ones is a decision that should either not be promoted or carefully analyzed before being taken, in order to clearly detect all the possible benefits that might counterbalance managers' expense preference behaviour. © Canadian Association for the Study of International Development, 2009.
La elasticidad ingreso del consumo cultural en Cali
(2012-01-01) Mora Rodríguez, Jhon James
This article analyzes the consumption of culture in Cali (Colombia), by estimating the income elasticity of cultural demand. The results correspond exclusively to a group of cultural goods and services, unlike previous contributions where calculations have been made for education and culture together. By using the Incomes and Expenditures Survey of 2010, we found that the elasticity of the cultural demand is close to unity (0.99), but different from one at 95% of statistical significance. For this reason, we cannot categorically assert that cultural goods and services are luxury goods.
Forced Displacement in Colombia: What Determines Expulsion and Reception in Municipalities?
(De Gruyter, 2014-09-30) Palacios, Paola Andrea
This document explores the expulsion and reception determinants of displaced people among Colombian municipalities. For this purpose, we use fixed effects panel data estimations for the period 2004–2009, with municipality year as the unit of analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper in Colombia that focuses on reception and the first one using panel data at municipal level to explain expulsion and reception. We find that, contrary to what one may expect, some independent variables affect both expulsion and reception of displaced people in the same direction; for instance, municipalities where homicide rates and conflict intensity are high, are associated with both higher reception and expulsion rates. In addition to the conventional panel data estimation, we also run a fixed effect vector decomposition to identify the explicit effects of certain time-invariant variables.
Las ganancias de señalizar en el mercado laboral en Cali
(Universidad Icesi, 2004-07-01) González Gómez, Natalia; Gómez Benavides, Juan Carlos; Mora Rodríguez, Jhon James; Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
Este artículo discute el efecto de la educación sobre los salarios en la ciudad de Cali para el año 2000. En particular se discute tanto el modelo de capital humano como el modelo deseñalización derivado de la ecuación de títulos de Hungerford y Solon (1987). Los resultados muestran que existe una rentabilidad adicional del título universitario del 37 porciento sobre lossalarios y del 12 porciento para el título de secundaria. Finalmente se discute la necesidad de realizar una encuesta que permita identificar mejor el efecto de los títulos sobre los salarios.
Is There a Motherhood Penalty? Decomposing the Family Wage Gap in Colombia
(Springer Verlag (Germany), 2013-12-01) Gamboa, Luis Fernando
The aim of this paper is to provide an estimation and decomposition of the motherhood wage penalty in Colombia. Our empirical strategy was based on the matching procedure designed by Ñopo (The Review of Economics and Statistics, 90(2), 290–299, 2008a) for the case of gender wage gaps. This is an alternative procedure to the well-known Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition method. Using the cross-sectional data of the Colombian Living Standard Survey, the wage gap was decomposed into four components, according to the characteristics of mothers and non-mothers. Three of the components are explained by differences in observable characteristics of women, while the other is the unexplained part of the gap. We found that mothers earn, on average, 1.73 % less than their counterparts without children and that this gap slightly decreased when the group included older women. It is observed from the results that, once schooling was included as a matching variable, the unexplained part of the gap considerably decreased and became non-significant. Thus, we did not find evidence of wage discrimination against mothers in the Colombian labor market.
Lauchlin Currie : desarrollo, pobreza y desigualdad del ingreso
(Universidad Icesi, 2003-04-01) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el pensamiento de Lauchlin Currie acerca de la pobreza y la distribución del ingreso. Currie fue un economista colombiano que dedicó buena parte de su tiempo al análisis de los problemas sociales y económicos de Colombia, ofreció numerosas y novedosas propuestas para superar el problema de la pobreza en la nación y propició una interesante discusión acerca de la desigualdad entre países. Ambos temas serán tratados en este artículo.
Looking for a road to get out for poverty. Is the current allocation of public spending on education in Colombia helping?
(Universidad Icesi, 2004-10-01) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
This paper presents a methodology to explore the impact on poverty of the public spending on education. The methodology consists of two approaches: Benefit Incidence Analysis (BIA) and behavioral approach. BIA considers the cost and use of the educational service, and the distribution of the benefits among groups of income. Regarding the behavioral approach, we use a Probit model of schooling attendance, in order to determinethe influence of public spending on the probability for thepoor to attend the school. As a complement, a measurement of targeting errors in the allocation of public spending is included in the methodology.
Notas de Clase sobre el mercado laboral y las políticas de empleo
(Universidad Icesi, 2012-06-01) Manzur, Elizabeth
In this document, we present some theoretical aspects of the labor market, considering the different approaches of the Economic theory to analyze the interactions between workers and firms. Moreover, we make a statistical analysis of the labor market situation in Colombia, emphasizing its main current problems. This analysis includes a simple Logit model to examine the relationship between the probability of being unemployed and different socioeconomic variables. Finally, we present the policies commonly used to reduce the unemployment: supply-side policies, demand-side policies and sectorial policies.
Optimización dinámica y modelos de crecimiento con consumo óptimo: RAMSEY - CASS - KOOPMANS
(Universidad Icesi, 2010-04-23T02:16:25Z) Raffo, Leonardo
En estas notas de clase se presenta y analiza el llamado modelo de crecimiento óptimo Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans. Este fue el primer modelo de crecimiento económico en el que el patrón de ahorro y, por ende, el de consumo, no están dados a priori, sino que son endógenos y responden a las preferencias y restricciones presupuestarias en el tiempo de las familias consumidoras. Por lo tanto este modelo es una versión sofisticada y mejor microfundamentada del modelo neoclásico de crecimiento de Robert Solow. El documento está dirigido a estudiantes de Macroeconomía tanto en pregrado como en Maestría.
El papel de las instituciones educativas públicas en la eliminación de la pobreza
(Universidad Icesi, 2005-10-01) Bonilla Gutiérrez, Diego Fernando; Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
Este trabajo presenta un conjunto de propuestas que contribuirían a fortalecer el papel de las instituciones educativas en la eliminación de la pobreza. Se trata de un conjunto de acciones por parte del Gobierno y las instituciones educativas que podría hacer más eficiente el gasto público en educación. El documento es el resul tado del trabajo de campo realizado en las instituciones educativas del Distrito de Aguablanca en Cali, de la revisión de la literatura nacional e internacional y del análisis de información complementaria efectuados por el equipo de investigación de la Universidad Icesi sobre el problema de la pobreza.
La política monetaria: Teoría y caso colombiano
(Universidad Icesi, 2004-03-01) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
Este documento tiene como objetivo analizar los instrumentos, la orientación y los responsables de la política monetaria en Colombia desde la década de los noventa. Está dirigido principalmente a estudiantes de pregrado de economía, pero por la sencillez del lenguaje, puede ser de utilidad para cualquier estudiante o profesional interesado en la política económica.
Quality of social networks and educational investment decisions
(Elsevier, 2013-04-01) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
All individuals belong to a social network with certain quality level. This paper analyzes the role of the quality of the social network in the educational decision making process. I propose a measure for quality of network based on the schooling level and the labor position of the members of the net. The analysis compares individuals who are similar in at least two characteristics: socioeconomic level and intellectual ability. Although they belong to the same type of community (poor), they differ in the composition of their social network. The higher the quality of the network, the higher the probability of investing in education. Hence, socially disadvantaged and equally intelligent individuals may end up acquiring different schooling levels. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
The ex-ante effects of non-contributory pensions in Colombia and Peru
(Wiley, 2014-10-01) Zuluaga Díaz, Blanca Cecilia
The aim of this paper is to study the ex-ante e ects of the implementation of a Non Con- tributory Pension (NCP) program in Colombia and Peru. Relying on household survey data, we simulate the potential impact of the transfer on poverty, inequality, scal cost, and the probability of a liation to the contributory pension system. This last e ect is the most direct behavioral e ect one can expect from the implementation of a NCP scheme. For the behavioral response we estimate a Nested Logit Model. Our results show that a NCP in Colombia and Peru contributes to the reduction of poverty and inequality among the elderly, particularly in rural areas at a ordable scal costs. Furthermore, there is not a large impact on the prob- ability of a liation to contributory pensions when the program is targeted to the poor (and extreme poor), with the exception of Peruvian women for whom there is always a sizeable reduction on their probability of a liation to the contributory pension system.