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Ítem Cost-time profiling: Putting monetary measures onto value stream maps(2006-05-20) Rivera Cadavid, LeonardoThe Cost-Time Profile (CTP) is a tool that presents graphically the accumulation, of direct costs on a product as it moves through the manufacturing process. CTP incorporates the time dimension, to the cost accumulation, and the area under the CTP curve is the Cost-Time Investment (CTI), which is a measure of the investment of resources on the manufacturing of the product. In this paper, a general overview of the CTP, its construction, applications and future research directions are presented.Ítem How to Foresee and Measure the Real Economic Impact of a Lean Manufacturing Implementation(Springer Heidelberg, 2013-06-25) Manotas, Diego F.The academic and industrial worlds seem to agree in the convenience of implementing Lean Manufacturing. Arguments to highlight the benefits of implementing Lean usually include testimonials from successful companies, published case studies, even conference presentations, plant tours, and television programs. It is not easy to foresee the impact of a Lean implementation in strictly monetary terms. Lean is an operational philosophy that does more than saving money; it prepares companies for sustained improvement and creates disciplines and operational capabilities, yet it could be argued that these capabilities are hard to value and quantify. In this paper, we propose a flowchart-type methodology to decide if a change in a procedure, in the use of tangible resources or in the use of time brought about by the implementation of a Lean Manufacturing technique will have a measurable economic impact. The decision maker will need to know the specific circumstances of the production system, but we believe he will be able to predict the economic impact of a Lean implementation (or to evaluate the results of an ongoing Lean project) with more precision, to build a stronger and more comprehensible business case and convince upper management of the real benefits of Lean.Ítem Desarrollo de una metodología de implementación de los conceptos de TOC (Teoría de restricciones), para empresas colombianas(Universidad Icesi, 2003-04-01) Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo; Ortegón Mosquera, Katherine; González Gómez, José ArturoThe Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a managerial thought system that has been successfully applied in may companies around the world. However, implementation cases in colombian Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are not many and not well documented. It follows that an implementation protocol has not been formalized yet. Researching through different information sources and doing pilot work in two plastics manufacturing SMEs sufficient insight was gained to propose a methodology that starts by diagnosing the current state of the company, satisfying some requirements prior to TOC implementation and the implementation process itself. As a conclusion, it was found that before undertaking any improvement process it is necessary to “clean up the house first”: To achieve clarity in basic issues of organization, operation and quality, to be able to guarantee the efectiveness and sustainability of any improvements attained.Ítem Working Capital Exposure: A Methodology to Control Economic Performance in Production Environment Projects(Production and Operations Management Society, 2010-05-07) Rivera Cadavid, LeonardoThis paper evaluates the performance of 16 different parametric, nonparametric and one semi-parametric specifications to calculate the Value at Risk (VaR) for the Colombian Exchange Market Index (IGBC). Using high frequency data (10-minute returns), we model the variance of the returns using GARCH and TGARCH models, that take in account the leverage effect, the day-of-the-week effect, and the hour-of-the-day effect. We estimate those models under two assumptions regarding returns’ behavior: Normal distribution and t distribution. This exercise is performed using two different ten-minute intraday samples: 2006-2007 and 2008-2009. For the first sample, we found that the best model is a TGARCH(1,1) without day-of the week or hour-of-the-day effects. For the 2008-2009 sample, we found that the model with the correct conditional VaR coverage would be the GARCH(1,1) with the day-of-the-week effect, and the hour-of-the-day effect. Both methods perform better under the t distribution assumptionÍtem Aplicación de herramientas de pensamiento sistémico para el aprendizaje de Lean Manufacturing(Universidad Icesi, 2010-03-24T23:30:08Z) Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo; Dinas, Johan Armando; Franco Caicedo, PaulaLean Manufacturing seeks to eradicate waste. This pursuit is conducted changing many pre-conceptions inherited from the mass production traditions. It is necessary to understand immediate and delayed impacts of the changes, as well as direct and indirect results of these changes. This systemic approach should enhance the learner’s understanding of the system (the manufacturing company), its variables, its outcomes, and the relationships among the system’s components. This paper presents the process of designing a course to teach Lean Manufacturing to working professionals using systems thinking. This design process is conducted for the development of job competencies and using Active Learning Strategies.Ítem Hacia una nueva métrica financiera basada en teoría de restricciones(Universidad Icesi, 2000-07-01T14:59:13Z) Manotas Duque, Diego Fernando; Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo; Manyoma Velásquez, Pablo CésarLa Ingeniería Industrial y la Administración de Empresas llevan buena parte de su historia intentando modelar el comportamiento de los sistemas que son su objeto de estudio, como son las organizaciones y los sistemas productivos. Sin embargo, estos modelos se han basado sobre todo en la descomposición de los sistemas en sus componentes y las relaciones entre ellos, para luego describir sus comportamientos en estados ideales, estableciendo reglas que los sistemas deberían obedecer. Estos modelos pueden denominarse normativos, en el sentido de que se les está indicando a los sistemas cómo deben funcionarÍtem Lean Manufacturing measurement : The relationships between Lean activities and Lean metrics(Universidad Icesi, 2007-10-01) Manotas Duque, Diego Fernando; Rivera Cadavid, LeonardoLean Manufacturing was developed by Toyota Motor company to address their specific needs in a restricted market in times of economic trouble. These concepts have been studied and proven to be transferrable and applicable to a wide variety of industries. This paper aims to integrate a set of metrics that have been proposed by different authors in such a way that they are consistent with the different stages and elements of Lean Manufacturing implementations. To achieve this, two frameworks for Lean implementations are presented and then the main factors for success are used as the basis to propose metrics that measure the advance in these factors. A tabular display of the impact of “Lean activities” on the metrics is presented, proposing that many a priori assumptions about the benefits on many different levels of improvement should be accurate. Finally, some ideas for future research and extension of the applications proposed on this paper are presented as closing points.Ítem Activity scheduling for Cost-Time investment optimization in project management(2008-05-17) Rivera Cadavid, LeonardoThe Cost-Time Profile is a tool that presents the combined impact of disbursements made during the execution of a project, and their timing. The Cost-Time Profile chart presents the accumulated cost at any given time, and the area under the curve is the Cost-Time Investment. This Cost-Time Investment has a quantifiable impact on the working capital the company uses, and it is also useful for the determination of the Direct Cost of a product. This paper aims to develop a model to create the schedule of activities that minimizes the Cost-Time Investment for a project.Ítem Analytical study of the Fishbone Warehouse layout(Taylor & Francis, 2012-11-19) Martínez, Héctor JairoThe purpose of this paper is to study the Fishbone Warehouse layout. Fishbone layouts are non-traditional designs for warehouses that have shown to be more efficient under unit-load operations. This paper presents an analytical study of the design from an optimisation point of view. The authors gain an insight into the characteristics of the layout and present alternatives for different situations of interest in industrial environments. Finally, the authors compare the performance of Fishbone and traditional designs; presenting a formal conception of the expected savings. The authors focus on finding optimal conditions for the most important characteristic of the Fishbone design, which is the slope of the diagonal cross-aisle. The design decisions are modelled as a non-linear optimisation problem and solved using both numerical and exact methods, depending on the most convenient analysis. In addition, the robustness of the results is presented and their practical implications discussed.Ítem Application of macroergonomics principles in the implementation of computer integrated manufacturing systems(Universidad del Valle, 2013-10-18) Rivera Cadavid, LeonardoMuchas implementaciones de Sistemas de Manufactura Integrada por Computador (CIMS, por sus siglas en Inglés) han estado plagadas de fallas e imprevistos. En algunos casos se han identificado como causa raíz de estas fallas el desconocimiento y la no consideración de las dimensiones humanas y organizacionales de un cambio técnico de gran escala. En este artículo se utilice el Análisis y Diseño Macroergonómico (MEAD, su sigla en Inglés) como un marco de referencia para reconocer de manera implícita estos factores y considerarlos desde las fases de diseño de un nuevo sistema de trabajo.