Nuevo conocimiento - ICUBO

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/10906/78234

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A decision support tool for healthcare providers to evaluate readiness and impacts of adopting supply chain data standards
(Taylor & Francis, 2013-03-01) Varghese, Vijith
Healthcare providers are under increasing pressure to reduce waste, eliminate unnecessary costs and redundant efforts, thereby improving the quality and consistency of healthcare delivery. Lack of automation and the lack of use of global identifiers for products and locations, also known as supply chain data standards, are two critical factors that can help streamline providers operations and improve process efficiency. Despite widespread consensus among various stakeholders, healthcare providers lack a well-defined approach towards adopting and implementing data standards. Supply chain data standards can be defined as a set of product and location identifiers which are used in supply chain related processes and transactions.
A structured review of quantitative models in the blood supply chain: a taxonomic framework for decision making
(Taylor & Francis, 2015-12-17) Osorio Muriel, Andrés Felipe
This paper presents a structured review of the literature on quantitative modelling for the blood product supply chain. This is a widely-researched topic, dating back to the 1960s, and several other reviews have been published over the years. However, this paper presents new relevant information for researchers, not only by including more recent models but chiefly because of the structured way in which the models are presented. The models are broken down into five categories. The first four categories represent the four stages (echelons) in the supply chain: collection, production, inventory, and delivery. The final category contains “integrated” models which cover more than one stage. Each section (other than integrated models, which are treated slightly differently) contains two distinct elements. The first element is a diagrammatic representation of decisions and relationships, broken down by hierarchy level (strategic – tactical – operational). The second element is a text description of the main features, contributions and gaps found in the analysed models. An additional element for each section is available online, namely a searchable table describing specific features of each echelon, together with a taxonomic key to assist the reader.
Acceso al crédito y límites del crecimiento en Pymes: una mirada a través de la dinámica de sistemas
(Universidad Icesi, 2010-03-24T23:16:27Z) Arenas Guerrero, Fernando Antonio
El acceso al crédito se considera como uno de los mayores problemas que deben afrontar las Pymes para su supervivencia y crecimiento. Este documento describe un modelo de dinámica de sistemas basado en el caso de una empresa manufacturera de tamaño mediano localizada en Colombia. El modelo integra aspectos operativos y financieros de la empresa e incluye variables asociadas con el crédito comercial y el crédito bancario. Se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad sobre el modelo con el fin de encontrar variables con un alto nivel de apalancamiento sobre los resultados deseados. Dichos resultados indican que las políticas operativas y financieras, cuando se aplican de manera aislada, no son suficientes para resolver los problemas de estancamiento de la empresa. Una combinación apropiada de acceso a crédito, condiciones de crédito, y políticas operativas y financieras adecuadas, parece ser la manera más conveniente para manejar la complejidad inherente a la supervivencia y crecimiento de las Pymes.
Análisis sistémico de los riesgos de servicio y financiero en la cadena de abastecimiento
(Universidad Icesi, 2013-04-01) Daza, Harold Fernando; Romo L., Felipe; Arenas Guerrero, Fernando Antonio
Based on a model developed trough system dynamics, which represents a supply chain, this paper aims to establish a systemic approach to service risk management and financial risk management, taking into account the decisions made from the operational area and its influence on the risk in different areas of the company.
Analytical study of the Fishbone Warehouse layout
(Taylor & Francis, 2012-11-19) Martínez, Héctor Jairo
The purpose of this paper is to study the Fishbone Warehouse layout. Fishbone layouts are non-traditional designs for warehouses that have shown to be more efficient under unit-load operations. This paper presents an analytical study of the design from an optimisation point of view. The authors gain an insight into the characteristics of the layout and present alternatives for different situations of interest in industrial environments. Finally, the authors compare the performance of Fishbone and traditional designs; presenting a formal conception of the expected savings. The authors focus on finding optimal conditions for the most important characteristic of the Fishbone design, which is the slope of the diagonal cross-aisle. The design decisions are modelled as a non-linear optimisation problem and solved using both numerical and exact methods, depending on the most convenient analysis. In addition, the robustness of the results is presented and their practical implications discussed.
Aplicación de herramientas de pensamiento sistémico para el aprendizaje de Lean Manufacturing
(Universidad Icesi, 2010-03-24T23:30:08Z) Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo; Dinas, Johan Armando; Franco Caicedo, Paula
Lean Manufacturing seeks to eradicate waste. This pursuit is conducted changing many pre-conceptions inherited from the mass production traditions. It is necessary to understand immediate and delayed impacts of the changes, as well as direct and indirect results of these changes. This systemic approach should enhance the learner’s understanding of the system (the manufacturing company), its variables, its outcomes, and the relationships among the system’s components. This paper presents the process of designing a course to teach Lean Manufacturing to working professionals using systems thinking. This design process is conducted for the development of job competencies and using Active Learning Strategies.
Application of macroergonomics principles in the implementation of computer integrated manufacturing systems
(Universidad del Valle, 2013-10-18) Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo
Muchas implementaciones de Sistemas de Manufactura Integrada por Computador (CIMS, por sus siglas en Inglés) han estado plagadas de fallas e imprevistos. En algunos casos se han identificado como causa raíz de estas fallas el desconocimiento y la no consideración de las dimensiones humanas y organizacionales de un cambio técnico de gran escala. En este artículo se utilice el Análisis y Diseño Macroergonómico (MEAD, su sigla en Inglés) como un marco de referencia para reconocer de manera implícita estos factores y considerarlos desde las fases de diseño de un nuevo sistema de trabajo.
Applying systems thinking and active learning strategies to a lean manufacturing program
(Proceedings Of The 21st Annual Conference Of The Production And Operations Management Society, 2010-05-07) Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo
Lean Manufacturing seeks to eradicat e waste. This pursuit is conducted changing many pre-conceptions inherited fr om the mass production traditions. It is necessary to understand immediate and delayed impacts of the changes, as well as direct and indirect results of these changes. Th is systemic approach should enhance the learner’s understanding of the system (the manufacturing company) , its variables, its outcomes, and the relationships among the system’s components. This paper presents the process of designing a course to teach Lean Manufacturing to working professionals using systems thinking. This design proce ss is conducted for the development of job competencies and using Active Learning Strategies.
Aproximación al desarrollo de un sistema de transporte masivo a través de la dinámica de sistemas
(Universidad Icesi, 2013-01-01) Arenas Guerrero, Fernando Antonio; Orozco, Juan Sebastián
The social and economic future of a city depends primarily on the efficiency of its transport system; this is measured by the ability to move people and goods in a sustainable manner, with the available resources. Nowadays, Mass Transit systems are being developed in seven different cities of Colombia, which have created the need to track the progression and growth of their participation in the one-person travel demand. The purpose of this work is to describe the development of a mass transit system, and to provide an overview of the impact that the operating parameters and reinvestment have on the development and expansion of the demand of the system itself. Three scenarios are proposed to evaluate different operational and reinvestment policies, analyzing the behavior in the development of the system.
Asymptotic analysis of singular solutions of the scalar and mean curvature equations - Semantic Scholar
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2005-01-18) Yaker Agudelo, Hendel
We show that positive solutions of a semilinear elliptic problem in the Sobolev critical exponent with Newmann conditions, related to conformal deformation of metrics in R n + , are asymptotically symmetric in a neighborhood of the origin. As a consequence, we prove for a related problem of conformal deformation of metrics in R n + that if a solution satisfies a Kazdan-Warner-type identity, then the conformal metric can be realized as a smooth metric on S n + .
Beyond Partnerships: The Power Of Lean Supply Chains
(Springer London, 2007-01-01) Chen, F. Frank
Extending the value stream from a lean company to its partners allows the company to widen the pursuit for perfection to the whole supply network. Furthermore, applying lean concepts to a supply chain opens new windows of opportunity for supply chain participants to collectively achieve higher levels of competitiveness. Thus, the integration of supply chain management and lean thinking covers both local and overall leanness, which leads to a truly lean supply chain. This chapter provides an overview of the lean supply chain, the including concepts, approaches, challenges, and future development. In the first part of the chapter, basic concepts and impacts of lean thinking will be introduced, followed by the issues of applying lean thinking in supply chain management. Then, an integrated framework of a lean supply chain will be presented. The second part of the chapter covers the building blocks of lean supply chains, including lean logistics, information technology, performance measurement and improvement, and collaboration beyond partnerships. Subsequently, the challenges for building or maintaining a sustainable lean supply chain will be discussed.
Caso de estudio. Llegó la escasez y mandó a parar: Estudio de Caso
(Universidad Icesi, 2011-07-30T18:40:54Z) De la Cruz, Wilson Yhovanni; López Astudillo, Andrés; Restrepo, Neira Davidia; Orrego Ortiz, Sigifredo
The primary objective of this case study is to discuss how a company can address environmental concerns raised by regional environmental regulatory authorities using a strategic industrial ecology for the purpose of ensuring the future sustainable development of the company. It places emphasis on the fact that, despite being the most important tactical asset in the operations of most companies, water resources are ignored and seen ad inexhaustible. It is intended as a wake-up call for top management officials to realize that there is a need for a conceptual change because environmental department managers in many companies do not receive the necessary support for implementing new environmentally friendly technologies.
Caso de estudio. Viernes Negro
(Universidad Icesi, 2011-07-06) Tróchez Ávila, Ingrid Marcela; Ríos Mosquera, Martha Lucía; López Astudillo, Andrés; Roa Martínez, Néstor Andrés
The objective of the case discussed here is to present the complex situation that arises at a large raw material manufacturing company in the construction industry when its integrated information management system collapses; a situation commonly known as “a system crash”. These kinds of system failures constrain logistical activities related to the distribution center that is responsible for shipping orders on a national level on the sales closing date at the end of a given month. This hampers the order invoicing process and, therefore, gives rise to non-compliance with order deliveries, customer dissatisfaction, potential loss of orders, and non-compliance with the company’s sales goals, thus affecting the profitability.
Cómo una microempresa logró un desarrollo de productos ágil y generador de valor empleando Lean
(Universidad Icesi, 2014-01-01) Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo; Barón Maldonado, Diana Isabel
This paper presents an example of a small company transforming its product development system to make it more agile, ﬂexible, and value-generating using Lean. We used the generic product development system, the traditional product development system employed in the apparel sector, the Toyota product development system, and the previous development system used in the company, as reference to conﬁ- gure the new one. Two main elements in the new product development system are the virtual meeting place and the role of the chief engineer. As a result, the new system is more client-oriented, has faster response time and has Just in Time production.
Desarrollo de una metodología de implementación de los conceptos de TOC (Teoría de restricciones), para empresas colombianas
(Universidad Icesi, 2003-04-01) Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo; Ortegón Mosquera, Katherine; González Gómez, José Arturo
The Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a managerial thought system that has been successfully applied in may companies around the world. However, implementation cases in colombian Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are not many and not well documented. It follows that an implementation protocol has not been formalized yet. Researching through different information sources and doing pilot work in two plastics manufacturing SMEs sufficient insight was gained to propose a methodology that starts by diagnosing the current state of the company, satisfying some requirements prior to TOC implementation and the implementation process itself. As a conclusion, it was found that before undertaking any improvement process it is necessary to “clean up the house first”: To achieve clarity in basic issues of organization, operation and quality, to be able to guarantee the efectiveness and sustainability of any improvements attained.
La evaluación de la huella de carbono en los sectores de agricultura y energia, una revisión
(Universidad Icesi, 2014-10-01) Lubo, Claudia Marcela; Sierra Ruiz, Beatriz Eugenia; Arenas Guerrero, Fernando Antonio; Rodríguez, Lina Marcela; López Astudillo, Andrés
Desde la era pre-industrial, la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero ha aumentado en alrededor de 70%, debido a las actividades antropogénicas. La Dinámica de Sistemas representa una herramienta fundamental, que permite adoptar un enfoque sistémico – complejo en los procesos de investigación de modelación del comportamiento de los gases en diferentes sectores. Este artículo revisa varios casos de estudio, principalmente en los sectores de agricultura y energía. Gracias a estos modelos, es posible identificar escenarios alternativos del indicador «Huella de Carbono» con el propósito de soportar decisiones estratégicas en ambientes virtuales seguros, que representen bajos niveles de riesgo, costo y tiempo. Esta revisión hace énfasis en la importancia de modelar el comportamiento de la huella de carbono como un sistema dinámico complejo, específicamente enfocado en el sector de la agricultura, el cual contribuye con el 38,1% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero hacia la atmósfera. Concluye con un trabajo futuro de investigación para la estimación del comportamiento de los gases de efecto invernadero en un sistema de cultivo de caña de azúcar, una de las mayores agroindustrias de Colombia
Evaluation of the Reliability of a Water Supply Network from Right-Censored and Left-Truncated Break Data
(Springer Netherlands, 2010-09-01) Carrión, Andrés
In this paper, we analyze failure data registered in a water supply network in order to evaluate the pipes failure probability. Only failures in normal operation conditions have been considered, excluding those caused by abnormal events. We consider an observation window from year 2000 until 2005, although the life of some of the water pipes started far in the past. This sampling scheme induces left-truncation into the data set (since failures before 2000 are not considered into the sample information) and right-censoring (for pipes that fail after 2005). We used an extended version of the Nelson–Aalen estimator, modified in order to accommodate left-truncation besides right-censoring (LTRC). Influencing factors on water pipes survival are identified. By the use of a semiparametric model based on the Cox proportional hazards model, also adapted to manage left-truncated and right-censored data, the effect of each factor over the failure risk of a pipe section has been estimated.
Financial risk assessment of different inventory policies
(Escuela de ingenieria de Antioquia, 2011-12-01) Toro, Héctor Hernán
Este trabajo se concentra en la evaluación de los efectos económicos asociados a diferentes políticas de inventario. Se estudia el valor en riesgo del valor de una compañía, además de las variaciones inducidas por los cambios en el capital de trabajo asociados a diferentes políticas de inventario. Se estudian tres sistemas de inventario y se comparan diferentes políticas. Se contrastan las políticas derivadas de la maximización del valor presente neto (VPN) contra la minimización de costos y contra políticas de inventario arbitrarias derivadas de las condiciones de mercado. Para cada sistema de inventario se estiman dos indicadores de desempeño: VPN y VaR del VPN. Las políticas de inventario se construyeron en un escenario de certeza, pero se evalúan incorporando diferentes condiciones de riesgo, para lo cual se utiliza simulación de Monte Carlo. Las conclusiones se obtienen a partir del desempeño observado en diferentes casos de estudio, usando ambos indicadores. En los tres sistemas de inventario bajo estudio, la diferencia entre precio y costo variable es lo que causa la mayor variación en el indicador del VPN. Un resultado importante de este trabajo es que para los casos estudiados, más bien comunes en el mundo real, las políticas de inventario óptimo obtenidas por minimización de costos son, desde la perspectiva de la minimización de riesgo, tan buenas como las obtenidas mediante maximización del beneficio.
Hacia una nueva métrica financiera basada en teoría de restricciones
(Universidad Icesi, 2000-07-01T14:59:13Z) Manotas Duque, Diego Fernando; Rivera Cadavid, Leonardo; Manyoma Velásquez, Pablo César
La Ingeniería Industrial y la Administración de Empresas llevan buena parte de su historia intentando modelar el comportamiento de los sistemas que son su objeto de estudio, como son las organizaciones y los sistemas productivos. Sin embargo, estos modelos se han basado sobre todo en la descomposición de los sistemas en sus componentes y las relaciones entre ellos, para luego describir sus comportamientos en estados ideales, estableciendo reglas que los sistemas deberían obedecer. Estos modelos pueden denominarse normativos, en el sentido de que se les está indicando a los sistemas cómo deben funcionar
Heavy metals species affect fungal-bacterial synergism during the bioremediation of fluoranthene
(Springer Verlag, 2016-08-01) Ma, Xiaokui
The co-occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with heavy metals (HMs) is very common in contaminated soils, but the influence of HMs on fungal-bacterial synergism during PAH bioremediation has not been investigated. The bioremediation of fluoranthene-contaminated sand using co-cultures of Acremonium sp. P0997 and Bacillus subtilis showed increases of 109.4 and 9.8 % in degradation compared to pure bacterial and fungal cultures, respectively, removing 64.1 ± 1.4 % fluoanthene in total. The presence of Cu2+ reduced fluoranthene removal to 53.7 ± 1.7 %, while inhibiting bacterial growth, and reducing translocation of bacteria on fungal hyphae by 49.5 %, in terms of the bacterial translocation ratio. Cu2+ reduced bacterial diffusion by 46.8 and 31.9 %, as reflected by D (a bulk random motility diffusional coefficient) and Deff (the effective one-dimensional diffusion coefficient) compared to the control without HM supplementation, respectively. However, Mn2+ resulted in a 78.2 ± 1.9 % fluoranthene degradation, representing an increase of 21.9 %, while enhancing bacterial growth and bacterial translocation on fungal hyphae, showing a 12.0 % increase in translocation ratio, with no observable impact on D and Deff. Hence, the presence of HMs has been shown to affect fungal-bacterial synergism in PAH degradation, and this effect differs with HM species. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

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